IL-20 receptor 2 signaling down-regulates antigen-specific T cell responses.

Constitutive Expression of the B7h Ligand for Inducible Costimulator on Naive B Cells Is Extinguished after Activation by Distinct B Cell Receptor and Interleukin 4 Receptor–mediated Pathways and Can Be Rescued by CD40 Signaling

The recently described ligand-receptor pair, B7h-inducible costimulator (ICOS), is critical for germinal center formation and antibody responses. In contrast to the induced expression of the related costimulatory ligands B7.1 and B7.2, B7h is constitutively expressed on naive B cells and is surprisingly extinguished after antigen engagement and interleukin (IL)-4 cytokine signaling. Although si...

بررسی تأثیر سرم موش حامله بر روی سلولهای دندریتیک در القاء تحریک لنفوسیت‌های T و تولید سیتوکین‌های IL-10 و IFN-γ Dendritic Cells and Antigen Specific T Cell Responses: Effect of Pregnant Mouse Serum

    Background & Aim: Tolerance to the semi-allogenic fetal graft by the maternal immune system is a medical enigma that has stimulated investigations for a half of century. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the tolerance of mother to the fetus. The successful pregnancy is proposed and proved by many scientists to be a Th2 dominant phenomenon. This hypothesis is proved in most as...

IFN- regulates IL-21 and IL-21R expression in human NK and T cells

Interleukin (IL)-21 is a T cell-derived cytokine that regulates innate and adaptive immune responses. IL-21 receptor (IL-21R), which is expressed in natural killer (NK) and T cells, is structurally homologous to IL-2R and IL-15R . These receptors also share a common cytokine receptor -chain with IL-4, IL-7, and IL-9. Macrophageor dendritic cell-derived interferon (IFN)/ is a key cytokine in reg...

Regulation of Th2 responses by different cell types expressing the interleukin-31 receptor

BACKGROUND Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is a recently identified cytokine produced by Th2 cells that is involved in the development of atopic dermatitis-induced skin inflammation and pruritus. Its receptor, IL-31RA, is expressed by a number of cell types, including epithelial cells, eosinophils, and activated monocytes and macrophages. To date, however, the regulation of Th2 responses by distinct cel...

Down-Regulates IL-2 Receptor Association with Src Homology Protein-1 and and Proliferation in Human T Cells by Adhesion Molecule 1 Inhibits IL-2 Production Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cellular The Cell-Cell Adhesion Molecule